In the WIPO-UNESCO Model Provisions, 1982,  “expressions of folklore” are productions consisting of characteristic elements of the traditional artistic heritage developed and maintained by a community of a country or by individuals reflecting the traditional artistic expectations of such a community, in particular:

(i)  Verbal expressions, such as folk tales, folk poetry and riddles;

(ii) Musical expressions, such as folk songs and instrumental music;

(iii) Expressions by action, such as folk dances, plays and artistic forms or rituals;  whether or not reduced to a material form;  and

(iv) Tangible expressions. In the context of the IGC, the terms “traditional cultural expressions” and “expressions of folklore” are synonyms and used alternatively.